![]() ![]() Fly ash to be used in concrete should be monitored by a quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program that complies with the recommended procedures in ASTM C311. When used as a raw feed material for the production of Portland cement, either dry or conditioned ash can be used.įly ash used in concrete should be as consistent and uniform as possible. When used in blended cement or as a partial replacement for Portland cement in ready-mix concrete, fly ash must be in a dry form and as such requires no processing. The net result of all these restrictions is that only a relatively low percentage (25 to 30 percent, at most) of all the coal fly ash produced annually is even potentially suitable for use in PCC. Ash that is handled and stored using a wet system.Ash from plants not operating at a "steady state.".Ash from start-up or shut-down phases of operation.Ash from plants using precipitator additives, such as ammonia.Ash from plants using oil as a supplementary fuel. ![]() Ash from plants burning other fuels (wood chips, tires, trash) blended with coal. ![]()
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